History of soil research -- Geology and geomorphology -- Climate -- Vegetation -- Distribution and classification of soils -- Soils of the Pampean Region -- Soils from the Patagonian Region -- Northwestern Argentina Soils -- Soils of the Cuyo Region -- Soils of the Chaco Region -- Soils of the Mesopotamian Region -- Soils of Entre Rios -- Soils of Corrientes -- Soils of Misiones -- Soils of the Argentine Antarctica -- Agriculture -- Soil erosion -- Contaminants -- Future issues.This is the first comprehensive book on Argentinian pedology. It discusses the main soil types of Argentina, their geographical distribution, classification, functions, agricultural use, ecological aspects, and the threats to which they have been subjected during centuries of intensive and extensive management. The description of the soils is accompanied by a complete set of data, pictures and maps, including benchmark profiles and an overview of the country's agricultural production. It also deals with future scenarios of the relationships between soil science and other disciplines and the main challenges that soil science will face in the future. Further, the book explores aspects of the main soil forming factors, such as climate, vegetation, geology and geomorphology, making use of new, unpublished data and elaborations, and presents a history of pedological research in Argentina.