Introduction -- Biosphere as a still unlearned living sphere -- How many of us will be? Population of the Earth -- Technogenesis and Its impact on the biosphere state -- Populaltion load. Adaptation corridor of a man -- What does happen with the climate? -- Living with natural disaster risk -- Market economy and ecology -- Nature conservation and nature use. Ecological safety -- Nature as a living soul. Moral aspect -- Future of civilization V.I. Verndasky and the noospher History of ecological crises on the Earth Ripening of the modern ecological crisis. Will the civilization survive? Conclusion.This book analyses the state of the natural environment and the causes of its degradation using the biosphere approach. Further, those issues that must be resolved immediately on the global level are identified following the ideas defined by V.I. Vernadsky, and new principles of Man-Nature interaction are pursued. The modern world currently faces three global trends inducing biosphere degradation and the aggravation of ecological hazards, namely: a) rapid and uncontrolled growth of human population on the Earth and insufficient natural resources to sustain it; (b) technogenesis development; and (c) global climate change and the aggravation of natural disasters. Ecological safety and military security are becoming the crucial conditions for the survival of modern civilization. To mitigate the ecological strain on the Earth, the technogenesis strategy should be changed and many other pressing issues must be resolved. These problems should be addressed using the biosphere approach, because the individual human being is the biosphere constituent, and his or her safety cannot be provided without maintaining the entire natural system on our planet.