Molecular Engineering of Bacterial Extracellular Electron Transfer: Mechanism Exploration and Applications -- Electrode Materials for Bioelectrochemical System -- Electrochemically Active Biofilms for Environmental Pollutants Degradation: Microbial Community Structure and Function -- Electrodes Serving as Electron Donors of Dehalorespiring Bacteria for the Enhanced Reduction of Halogenated Organic Compounds -- Bioelectrodegradation of Hazardous Organic Contaminants from Industrial Wastewater -- Bioelectrochemical Metal Recovery from Wastewater -- Desalination in Bioelectrochemical System -- Denitrification and Desulfuration in Bioelectrochemical System -- Bioelectrochemical System Integrated with Photocatalysis: Principle and Prospect in Wastewater Treatment -- Bioelectro-Fenton System for Environmental Pollutants Degradation -- Bioelectroremediation of Contaminated Groundwater: Fundamentals and Perspectives -- Bioelectroremediation of Contaminated Soils -- Bioelectroremediation of Sediments -- Microbial Electro-Respiration Enhanced Biodegradation and Bioremediation: Challenges and Future Perspectives.This book reviews the latest advances in the bioelectrochemical degradation of recalcitrant environmental contaminants. The first part introduces readers to the basic principles and methodologies of bioelectrochemical systems, electron-respiring microorganisms, the electron transfer mechanism and functional electrode materials. In turn, the second part addresses the bioelectrochemical remediation/treatment of various environmental pollutants (including highly toxic refractory organics, heavy metals, and nitrates) in wastewater, sediment and wetlands. Reactor configuration optimization, hybrid technology amplification and enhanced removal principles and techniques are also discussed. The book offers a valuable resource for all researchers and professionals working in environmental science and engineering, bioelectrochemistry, environmental microbiology and biotechnology.