Concepts, Theory and Methods -- The Liability of Smallness: Can We Expect Less Regional Disparities in Small Countries? -- Country Size in Regional Economics -- Measures of Regional Inequality for Small Countries -- Investigating Spatial Patterns of Income Disparities Using Coordinate Transformations and GIS Mapping -- Empirical Evidence -- Regional Employment Disparities in Belgium: Some Empirical Results -- Regional Income Convergence and Inequality in Boom and Bust: Results from Micro Data in Finland 1971–2000 -- Regional Disparities in Ireland: The Roles of Demography, Profit Outflows, Productivity, Structural Change and Regional Policy 1960–1996 -- The Persistence of Regional Unemployment Disparities in the Netherlands -- The Dynamics of Regional Disparities in a Small Country: The Case of Slovenia -- Interregional Disparities in Israel: Patterns and Trends -- Does Decentralisation Matter to Regional Inequalities? The Case of Small Countries -- Regional Inequalities in the EU Enlargement Countries: An Analysis of Small Versus Large New Member States -- Policy Issues -- Has the Financial Economy Increased Regional Disparities in Switzerland over the Last Three Decades? -- Regional Policy Lessons from Finland -- The Globalisation of Austrian Regions: New Policy Challenges and Opportunities -- Innovation Policy: An Effective Way of Reducing Spatial Disparities in Small Nations?.1 2 Daniel Felsenstein and Boris A. Portnov 1 Department of Geography, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel 2 Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Haifa, Israel During the Candiot War of 1645-1669, the Ottoman Sultan Ibrahim I ordered his chief admiral to attack Malta. Fearing imminent defeat by the superior Venetian forces stationed on the island, the admiral decided to trick the sultan out of the idea. As the story goes, he placed a candle on his naval map, allowing the wax to drip on the tiny island until it was completely covered. Then he exclaimed in false surprise, “Malta Yok!” (There is no Malta!), and convinced the sultan to sail his fleet to the Island of Crete instead. Although Malta is not featured in this volume, most of the countries it covers are of “wax drip” size. Intuitively, it may be expected that everything in small countries is diminutive: distances, population, economies, and even regional inequalities. Thus, at a symposium on “The Challenge of Development” convened in Israel in 1957 to mark the inauguration of a new building for the Department of Economics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the eminent US economist Simon Kuznets stated that “developed small states seem to have succeeded in spreading the fruits of economic growth more widely among their populations than the larger states at comparable levels of income per capita”.