Foetal and Neonatal Haematology -- Regulation of Developmental Haematopoiesis By Gata Transcription Factors -- Development of The Immune System In The Foetal and Perinatal Period -- Foetal and Neonatal Immunohaematological Responses: Consequences for Practical Management? -- Biology of Thrombopoietin In the Human Foetus and Neonate -- Discussion -- Immunohaematology and Haemostasis -- Management of Red Cell Alloimmunization in Pregnancy -- New Treatment Options in Neonatal Hyperbilirubinaemia -- Consensus and Controversy in Foetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia -- The Bleeding Infant -- Discussion -- Blood Transfusion in the Neonate -- Neonatal Thrombosis -- Criteria for Selecting a Red Blood Cell Product to Transfuse Anaemic Infants -- Hazards of Transfusion: GvHD -- Non-Immune, Non-Infectious Complications of Transfusion -- Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Neonate with Respiratory Failure -- Discussion -- Cellular Therapies in Neonatology -- Genetic Engineering for the Foetus and Neonate -- Meta-Analysis and Evidence-Based Decision Making in Neonatal Care -- Placental Blood Banking in the Year 2003 -- Discussion -- Epilogue -- Epilogue.Neonatology and Blood Transfusion Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Symposium on Blood Transfusion, Groningen, NL, Organized by the Sanquin Division Blood Bank North-East, Groningen It is in many ways fitting that the last of these international symposia on blood transfusion should end with neonatal blood transfusion. The most fragile, least well studied and most at risk population requires special care and concern. We need to expand our knowledge of their unique physiology, biochemical pathways and in planning treatment and interventions, always "do no harm." This proceedings of the last Groningen symposium presents a wealth of information on developmental immunology, the molecular basis of haematopoeisis, physiological basis of bleeding and thrombosis, transfusion risks and benefits and lastly, future therapies. Infants provide us with much to learn but in turn they will be the providers of (through cord blood) and the recipients of (through cellular engineering) the best that science can offer. Translational research, which has been the thrust of these presentations for 28 years, will benefit them in a way that no scientist could have ever predicted.