Geography of the White Sea and its watershed -- White Sea watershed hydrology and anthropogenic impact -- Climate of the White Sea catchment and scenarios of climate and river runoff changes -- Oceanographic regime -- Aquatic ecosystem profile -- Satellite oceanography: New results -- Economy of the White Sea watershed area -- Geographic Information Systems for managing the ecosystem and living resources of the White Sea -- Water quality assessment and the problem of marine ecosystem stability -- Numerical simulations of the White Sea hydrodynamics and marine ecosystem -- Afterword.This unique book written by Russian and Norwegian scientists is an analysis of studies based on extensive data analysis and numerical modelling simulations of the White Sea and provides a quantitative assessment of vulnerability of the White Sea marine ecosystems of future anthropogenic and, to some extent, climate change forcing. The authors address a wide range of issues, including geographical position and the paleogeological background of the White Sea Basin. They provide the most recent data on the White Sea bathymetry, examine the White Sea ecosystem profile, and provide extensive historical marine and riverine data records. An integrated assessment of the state of the ecology, vulnerability and sustainability of the White Sea is presented. They look specifically at the applications of satellite Earth observation (remote sensing) oceanographic investigations into changes in regional physical oceanography and ecology, provide extensive coverage of the problems of multi-faceted data assimilation in ocean modelling and conclude with a look at the present state of the art and future developments in this area of nature conservation.