An Introduction to Mitochondria and the Heart -- Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in the Heart -- Heart Mitochondrial Biogenesis -- ROS Generation, Antioxidants, and Cell Death -- Myocardial Ischemia and Cardioprotection -- Mitochondria Dysfunction in Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure -- Fatty Acid and Glucose Metabolism in Cardiac Disease -- Mitochondria in Pediatric Cardiology -- Mitochondria and the Aging Heart -- Heart Mitochondria Signaling Pathways -- Treatment of Mitochondrial-Based Cardiac Diseases. Targeting the Organelle -- Future Frontiers in Mitochondrial Cardiac Biology.The function of the heart is highly dependent on oxidative energy that is generated in mitochondria. Defects in mitochondrial structure and function can be found in association with cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondria and the Heart discusses the role that mitochondria plays in cardiovascular disease, including biogenesis and function of cardiac mitochondria during normal growth, development and aging. In addition, nonbioenergetic, biogenesis and degradation pathways are explored. Understanding these pathways and the effects that mitochondrial defects have in cardiac pathology is extremely important in establishing the diagnosis and treatment of mitochondrial-based cardiac diseases. José Marín-García is affiliated with The Molecular Cardiology and Neuromuscular Institute, Highland Park, New Jersey and the Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UMDNJ – Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey. .