The LIDORT and VLIDORT Linearized Scalar and Vector Discrete Ordinates Radiative Transfer Models -- Radiative Transfer of Light in Strongly Scattering Media -- Polarized Radiation Transport Equation in Anisotropic Media -- Aerosol Layer Height Over Water via Oxygen A-band Observations from Space: A Tutorial -- Optical Properties of Black Carbon Aggregates. .This book presents a survey of modern theoretical techniques in studies of radiative transfer and light scattering phenomena in turbid media. It offers a comprehensive analysis of polarized radiative transfer, and also discusses advances in planetary spectroscopy as far as aerosol layer height determination is of interest. Further, it describes approximate methods of the radiative transfer equation solution for a special case of strongly scattering media. A separate chapter focuses on optical properties of Black Carbon aggregates.